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Mechanisms: the processes of evolution
Evolution is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient
ancestors. Evolution is responsible for both the remarkable similarities we
see across all life and the amazing diversity of that life — but exactly how
does it work?
Fundamental to the process is genetic variation upon which selective forces
can act in order for evolution to occur. This section examines the mechanisms
of evolution focusing on:
- Descent and the genetic differences that are
heritable and passed on to the next generation;
Mutation, migration (gene flow), genetic drift, and natural selection
as mechanisms of change;
The importance of genetic variation;
The random nature of genetic drift and the
effects of a reduction in genetic variation;
How variation, differential reproduction, and heredity result in evolution
by natural selection; and
How different species can affect each other's evolution
through coevolution.
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