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Overview: This lesson is driven by the question: Why is a new flu vaccine needed every few years? Students answer this question and gather other information about evolution and influenza as they create an outline of a brochure for a biotechnology company. Author/Source: National Institutes of Health Grade level: 13-16 Time: 1.5 hours Teaching tips: The exercise does a good job addressing the process of genetic sequence change, but it’s short on making the role of natural selection clear. Supplement with additional discussion or a short video on natural selection. Concepts: Correspondence to the Next Generation Science Standards is indicated in parentheses after each relevant concept. See our conceptual framework for details. Evolution is still continuing today. Evolution results from natural selection acting upon genetic variation within a population. Traits that confer an advantage may persist in the population and are called adaptations. Natural selection can act on the variation in a population in different ways. As with other scientific disciplines, evolutionary biology has applications that factor into everyday life, for example in agriculture, biodiversity and conservation biology, and medicine and health. Teacher background: Genetic Variation Natural Selection Relevance

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