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Overview:
This 13-minute film describes how scientists have pieced together the evolutionary history of the Antarctic icefish by studying its genome — an excellent case study for genetic evolution as both the gain and loss of genes have led to key adaptations.Author/Source:
Howard Hughes Medical Institute Grade level:
9-12 Time:
15-20 minutes Teaching tips:
HHMI provides a variety of teacher resources to accompany this video: an in-depth film guide, student quiz, two demonstrations and three student lessons Concepts:
Correspondence to the Next Generation Science Standards is indicated in parentheses after each relevant concept. See our conceptual framework for details. - There is a fit between organisms and their environments, though not always a perfect fit. (LS4.C)
- An organism's features reflect its evolutionary history.
- Evolution results from selection acting upon genetic variation within a population. (LS4.B)
- Mutations are random.
- Traits that confer an advantage may persist in the population and are called adaptations. (LS4.B, LS4.C)
- Inherited characteristics affect the likelihood of an organism's survival and reproduction. (LS4.B, LS4.C)
- Natural selection acts on the variation that exists in a population. (LS4.B, LS4.C)
- Natural selection acts on phenotype as an expression of genotype.
- Organisms cannot intentionally produce adaptive mutations in response to environmental influences.
- Populations, not individuals, evolve.
- Over time, the proportion of individuals with advantageous characteristics may increase (and the proportion with disadvantageous characteristics may decrease) due to their likelihood of surviving and reproducing. (LS4.B, LS4.C)
- A hallmark of science is exposing ideas to testing. (P3, P4, P6, P7)
- Scientists test their ideas using multiple lines of evidence. (P6, NOS2)
- There is variation within a population. (LS3.B)
- Evolution occurs through multiple mechanisms.
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