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Overview:
This 14-minute film describes the connection between the infectious parasitic disease malaria and the genetic disease sickle cell anemia - one of the best-understood examples of natural selection in humans.
Author/Source:
Howard Hughes Medical Institute Grade level:
9-12 Time:
15-30 minutes Teaching tips:
HHMI provides a variety of teacher resources for use with this video: an in-depth film guide, student quiz, two worksheets and three student lessons. Concepts:
Correspondence to the Next Generation Science Standards is indicated in parentheses after each relevant concept. See our conceptual framework for details. - There is a fit between organisms and their environments, though not always a perfect fit. (LS4.C)
- Evolution results from selection acting upon genetic variation within a population. (LS4.B)
- Mutations are random.
- Traits that confer an advantage may persist in the population and are called adaptations. (LS4.B, LS4.C)
- Inherited characteristics affect the likelihood of an organism's survival and reproduction. (LS4.B, LS4.C)
- Depending on environmental conditions, inherited characteristics may be advantageous, neutral, or detrimental.
- Natural selection acts on the variation that exists in a population. (LS4.B, LS4.C)
- Natural selection acts on phenotype as an expression of genotype.
- Organisms cannot intentionally produce adaptive mutations in response to environmental influences.
- Populations, not individuals, evolve.
- Over time, the proportion of individuals with advantageous characteristics may increase (and the proportion with disadvantageous characteristics may decrease) due to their likelihood of surviving and reproducing. (LS4.B, LS4.C)
- There is variation within a population. (LS3.B)
- Natural selection is dependent on environmental conditions.
- Environmental changes may provide opportunities that can influence natural selection. (LS4.B, LS4.C)
- Some traits of organisms are not adaptive.
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