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Overview: This video and worksheet use real rock pocket mouse data collected by Dr. Michael Nachman and his colleagues to illustrate the Hardy-Weinberg principle. Author/Source: Howard Hughes Medical Institute Grade level: 13-16 Time: One or two class 50-minute periods Teaching tips: Answers to the worksheet are readily available online, so if this is a concern, you may wish to do the activity in class. Concepts: Correspondence to the Next Generation Science Standards is indicated in parentheses after each relevant concept. See our conceptual framework for details. There is a fit between organisms and their environments, though not always a perfect fit. There is a fit between the form of a trait and its function, though not always a perfect fit. Evolution is often defined as a change in allele frequencies within a population. The Hardy-Weinberg equation describes expectations about the gene pool of a population that is not evolving—one that is very large, mates randomly, and does not experience mutation, natural selection, or gene flow. Evolution results from natural selection acting upon genetic variation within a population. Natural selection and genetic drift act on the variation that exists in a population. Natural selection acts on phenotype as an expression of genotype. Inherited characteristics affect the likelihood of an organism's survival and reproduction. Over time, the proportion of individuals with advantageous characteristics may increase (and the proportion with disadvantageous characteristics may decrease) due to their likelihood of surviving and reproducing. Depending on environmental conditions, inherited characteristics may be advantageous, neutral, or detrimental. Teacher background: Genetic Variation Natural Selection

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