Image Caption
The scene: a population of wild fruit flies is minding its own business on several bunches of rotting bananas, cheerfully laying their eggs in the mushy fruit.
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This image is part of a series:

Speciation example (1 of 5)
The branching points on this partial Drosophila phylogeny represent speciation events that happened in the past.
Speciation example (3 of 5)
Disaster strikes: A hurricane washes the bananas and the immature fruit flies they contain out to sea. The banana bunch washes up on an island off the coast of the…
Speciation example (4 of 5)
The populations diverge: Ecological conditions are slightly different on the island, and the island population evolves under different selective pressures and experiences different random events than the mainland population does.…